Glossary of Terms

 

Administrator/Manager
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist assumes direct administrative responsibility for a project.

Advocate
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist actively supports a cause or a group of people.

Applied Anthropology
The application of Anthropological knowledge, theory, and methods to the solution of specific societal problems. Also referred to as action anthropology, development anthropology, practical anthropology, and advocacy anthropology.

Cultural Brokers
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist serves as a liaison between a program planner and administrators and local ethnic communities.

Cultural Relativism
The concept that any part of a culture must be viewed in its cultural context rather than from the viewpoint of the observer's culture.

Economic Delocalization

The situation that arises when people must leave their local (rural) communities to obtain goods and services that previously were unavailable or found locally.

Emic View
The insight that linguistic and cultural differences exist between project bureaucrats and local client populations.

Environmental Anthropology
The branch of anthropology that assists policy making and program planning by combining ecological expertise with methods and tools for understanding the social and cultural dynamics of communities potentially affected by policy decisions.

Ethnographers
An anthropologist that deals with scientific descriptions of specific human cultures.

Evaluator

In this role, an Applied Anthropologist researches a policy or program to determine how well it has met its objectives.

Forensic Anthropology

The use of traditional anthropological methods and theories to help identify the remains of the victims of crime and disasters.

Holistic Perspective
The view of multiple variables to see human problems in their historical, economic, and cultural contexts; the interconnection of the parts of a sociocultural system; and the short-term and long-term ramifications of these problems.

Human Resources Department
The corporate department responsible for hiring employees and managing relationships with them.

Impact Assessor
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist measures the effect of a project, program or policy on local peoples.

Market Research
The area of research that concerns consumer behavior and consumer patterns.

Medical Anthropology
The study of the biological and sociocultural factors that affect health, disease, and illness both currently and historically.

Needs Assessor
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist conducts a type of research to determine whether a proposed program or project is needed.

New Applied Anthropology
A subdiscipline that arose during the 1970s and 1980s and is characterized by contract work in public agencies away from academia.

Participant Observation
Direct field observation that can lead to a fuller understanding of the sociocultural realities than could be gained by reliance on secondary sources.

Planner
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist plans the design of programs, policies and projects.

Policy Maker

In this role, an Applied Anthropologist creates policies that will reflect cultural sensitivity.

Policy Researcher
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist provides cultural data to policy makers to aid in their making more informed decisions.

Regional Expertise

Long term experience with a cultural region that provides a depth of geographic coverage lacking in many policy makers.

Research Analyst

In this role, an Applied Anthropologist interprets findings enabling policy makers, planners and administrators to make more culturally sensitive decisions.

Sociomedical
A study combining social and medical factors.

Sociomedical
A study combining social and medical factors.

Sociocultural
The study of how language, culture and customs develop.

Trainer
In this role, an Applied Anthropologist imparts cultural knowledge to groups that will be working in cross-cultural situations.

Urban Planning

The strategic planning of the development of an urban area conducted by private groups as well as all levels of government. Urban planning addresses both social and economic factors in the development of an area.