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The Age of Pilgrims and Crusaders: Romanesque Art ROMANESQUE EUROPE SCULPTURE Architectural Sculpture Monumental Stone Sculpture Revived: Monumental stone sculptures carved in relief were placed around the entrances of churches. Christ in Majesty over a Portal: A carved lintel over the doorway at the church of Saint-Génis-des-Fontaines revives the forgotten art of monumental stone relief sculpture. 17-19 Christ in Majesty (Maiestas Domini) with apostles, lintel over doorway, Saint-Génis-des-Fontaines, France, 1019–1020. Marble, approx. 2' X 7'. A Shrine for Saint Saturninus: The sharply incised lines and ornamentation of the marble relief of Christ in Majesty is characteristic of pre-Romanesque metalwork. 17-20 BERNARDUS GELDUINUS, Christ in Majesty, relief in the ambulatory of Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, France, ca. 1096. Marble, 4' 2" high. Genesis on an Italian Church:_ The high relief carving of the figures in the frieze at Modena breaks through the arcaded frame format to produce a more continuous narrative. 17-21 WILIGELMO, Creation and Temptation of Adam and Eve, frieze on the west façade, Modena Cathedral, Modena, Italy, ca. 1110. Marble, approx. 3' high. The Second Coming at Moissac: The tympanum at Moissac exhibits a distinctive style of Romanesque sculpture characterized by figures with elongated bodies and draperies decorated with zigzag and dovetail lines. 17-22 Christ in Majesty with angels and the Twenty-Four Elders, tympanum of the south portal of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, France, ca. 1115–1135. Marble, approx. 16' 6" wide at base. A Prophet and Lions on a Trumeau: The scalloped trumeau at Moissac shows an elongated, cross-legged figure accompanied by roaring lions. 17-23 Old Testament prophet (Jeremiah or Isaiah?), from the trumeau of the south portal of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, France, ca. 1115–1130. Marble, approx. life size. The Cloister in Monastic Life: The medieval church cloister expresses the seclusion of the contemplative, spiritual life. The capitals of piers and columns were carved with figural reliefs. 17-24 Cloister of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, France, ca. 1100–1115. Marble, piers approx. 6' high. Judgment Day at Autun: The tympanum at Autun shows figures carved in relief with expressive facial expressions and gestures. 17-25 GISLEBERTUS, Last Judgment, west tympanum of Saint-Lazare, Autun, France, ca. 1120–1135. Marble, approx. 21' wide at base. Vézelay and the Crusades: The tympanum at Vézelay shows elongated, angular figures with agitated poses. Drapery patterns are linear with zigzags, loops and whorls. 17-26 Ascension of Christ and Mission of the Apostles, tympanum of the center portal of the narthex of La Madeleine, Vézelay, France, 1120–1132. Romanesque Portals and Roman Arches: The portal of Saint-Trophîme resembles a Roman arch. 17-27 Portal on the west façade of Saint-Trophîme, Arles, France, second third of the 12th century. The Revival of Statuary in Italy: The revival of monumental stone sculpture in Italy shows a classical sensibility rooted in Greco-Roman art. 17-28 BENEDETTO ANTELAMI, King David, statue in a niche on the west façade of Fidenza Cathedral, Fidenza, Italy, ca. 1180–1190. Marble, approx. life size. Metalwork and Wood Sculpture Bronzeworking in Belgium: Rainer of Huy's bronze baptismal font shows a Classicizing style with idealized bodies and faces and heavy clinging drapery. 17-29 RAINER OF HUY, Baptism of Christ, baptismal font from Notre-Dame-des-Fonts, Liège, Belgium, 1107–1118. Bronze, 25" high. Saint-Barthélémy, Liège. The Throne of Wisdom: The soft modeling of the faces of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child on a wooden reliquary lends the figures a human warmth and intimacy. 17-30 Virgin and Child (Morgan Madonna), from Auvergne, France, second half of 12th century. Painted wood, 31" high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan, 1916. A Sainted Pope's Silver Reliquary: A reliquary of Saint Alexander is a life-size idealized head. 17-31 Head reliquary of Saint Alexander, from Stavelot Abbey, Belgium, 1145. Silver (partly gilt), gilt bronze, gems, pearls, and enamel, approx. 17 1/2" high. Musées Royaux, Brussels. ROMANESQUE EUROPE |