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  1. Towering winged bull guarding the entrance to the Assyrian palace, eighth-century B.C.E., at Khorsabad.


  2. Three of the 120 lions along the "Processional Way" to the Ishtar Gate, the grandiose entrance to Babylon, built in the 6th century B.C.E. by Nebuchadnezzar II.


  3. This 2,500-year-old panel in glazed brick at the Ishtar Gate testifies to the excellence of the craftsmen in the Persian Empire.


  4. Mud and thatch wall of Egyptian farmhouse in the Nile River Valley.


  5. The Pyramids at Gizeh.


  6. The Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, a pharaoh during the era of the New Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the Valley of the Kings near Luxor.


  7. An example of Middle Eastern Islamic ironwork in a window frame.


  8. The lion's path along the grand approach to the Palace at Luxor, Egypt.


  9. Pharaoh Ramses II's stone head at Luxor.


  10. Pillars at the Temple of Luxor.


  11. Reputed graffiti signature of Arthur Rimbaud, the French symbolist poet, on the walls of the Temple of Luxor.


  12. Cairo skyline with mosques and skyscrapers.


  13. Butcher awaiting clients in Cairo.


  14. The Suez Canal as seen from the deck of one its many paying customers, the revenues of which are vital to Egypt's economy.


  15. Desert, abandoned rusting tanks from the 1973 war, and solitary mosque east of the Suez Canal on the Sinai Peninsula.


  16. Jerusalem skyline, with the Dome of the Rock.


  17. Looking down from the dizzying cliffs of Masada, the sacred and sacrificial site of the Jews in southern Israel, onto the Roman campsite below.


  18. An ancient aqueduct built by the Romans in Constantinople (today, Istanbul). Aqueducts, many of which are still standing throughout the Mediterranean, are among ancient Rome's outstanding architectural achievements.


  19. The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul. Bazaars often continue to serve as the focus of commercial activity in cities throughout the Middle East.


  20. The Blue Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.


  21. The interior of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul. The entire interior is covered with lush carpets.


  22. Ablution rites by male Muslims, before entering the mosque to pray, in the central courtyard of the New Mosque (1550 in Istanbul.


  23. A public toilet at the ancient city of Ephesus, in western Turkey. For long, Ephesus was a major trading port and the western terminus of the famous Silk Road.


  24. The Library at Ephesus. Once a great city of the ancient world, Ephesus declined after the harbor dried up.


  25. Typical buildings in Sa'naa, the capital of the Arabian city of North Yemen. Nearby are the remains of the ancient city of the Queen of Sheba.


  26. Turkish men drinking at a café in Bursa, in western Turkey. Note the absence of women. Bursa was the capital of the Ottoman state bore its conquest of Constantinople.


  27. The Lion Court at Alhambra, at Granada in southern Spain. This court is renowned for the stone lions surrounding the fountain in the center of the interior court.


  28. The ceiling of the Mihrab Chapel, in the Great Mosque of Cordoba, in southern Spain.