If you'd like to print out this page, click the Print button above. Alternatively, you may click the printer icon on your browser's toolbar, or choose File>Print from the menu.     1. What was the Roman policy toward its defeated neighbors in Italy, and how did it help them to secure hegemony over the peninsula? Your answer should include the following points: Rome exercised restraint and absorbed the populations of its neighbors and granted citizenship to the leading families. Fair treatment by Rome discouraged fanatic resistance among the city’s enemies. 2. How did Roman government work after the Struggle of the Orders? Your answer should include the following points: The new government, theoretically, was carefully balanced to represent the interests of all roman citizens. Property qualifications rather than birth determined citizens’ rights to participate in the Centuriate Assembly which elected the consuls and other magistrates. Consuls led the state and commanded its armies. Magistrates called praetors administered justice. The Senate was the most powerful institution, it controlled finances and distribution of public land. Popular assembly could pass laws subject to senatorial approval. Senate admitted plebeians to membership. 3. How did Rome differ from Carthage, both as a society and as a political system? Your answer should include the following points: Carthage was a dominant naval power; Rome did not have a navy. Carthaginians were great merchants and colonizers who maintained direct control over their colonies; Rome was an agrarian state with few commercial interests. Carthage was a true empire with a desire to expand. Prior to war with Carthage, Rome did not have an aggressive expansion policy. 4. How did Roman attitudes about Greece affect its policies in the region? Your answer should include the following points: The prevailing attitude was impatience with having to intervene with Greece and its troubled affairs. Some thought that contact with Greeks was corroding the traditional Roman values. This attitude lead to war with Macedon and then with Achaea. Exasperated after defeating the Achaean League, the Romans destroyed Corinth, abolished the Greek leagues, replaced democratic governments in cities with oligarchies. Greece had no independent policy of its own. 5. How did Roman policy in conquered territories change after the Carthaginian Wars? Your answer should include the following points: Prior to the Carthaginian Wars Rome absorbed the populations of new territories and granted citizenship to leading families After the wars, Rome granted neither citizenship nor allied status to acquired people. After the war, Rome took on a policy of expansion.