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1. The
resulted when thirteen cardinals, dissatisfied with the election of Pope Urban VI, left Rome and elected an antipope.
2. The position that councils, representing the entire body of the faithful, had ultimate authority over the church and that the pope was little more than a symbol of unity was known as
.
3. The habit of making deals with God in return for special favors is known as
.
4. The enormous popularity of mysticism in the later Middle Ages was a measure of the growing influence of
on religious life.
5.In the course of his biblical studies, Martin Luther concluded that souls were saved by
alone.
6. During the reformation, the
were radicals who saw baptism not only as a sacrament but as the heart of the redemptive process.
7. In 1534
adopted the reformed faith and wrote The Institutes of the Christian Religion, an explanation of reformed teachings.
8. The
, founded by Ignatius of Loyola, played a large part in the struggle against Protestantism and in restoring Catholicism in various regions.
9. Beginning around 1550 an epidemic began in which disasters, accidents, and evil in general was blamed on the powers of
.
10. In 1534 the English Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, which declared that
was "the only supreme head of the Church in England."
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