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1.
meant the rule of a single person who held sovereignty (supreme power) over a state.
2. Most of the republics of 1715 were
—the rule of the few instead of the rule of one—typically small city-states in Italy.
3.
, George I’s adviser, was successful mainly due to his patronage system in which he tried to find a job or an income for everyone who would support him.
4. Eighteenth-century England witnessed the origins of the political party system with the two large factions called the
parties.
5. The Seven Years War took place in the years
.
6. In 1603, Catholics owned 90 percent of the land in Ireland; in 1778, they owned
percent due to the removal of land to the Protestants.
7. The death of his grandfather brought to the throne the five year old
who would reign in France for most of the eighteenth century .
8. Joseph II tried to break the power of Rome over the Catholic Church in Austria in a national religious policy known as
.
9. Under Frederick William, the Prussian military ideal was known as Kadavergehorsam which meant that
.
10.
of Russia ruled from 1762 until 1796 and earned a reputation for enlightened despotism.
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