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Case Studies

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India and Pakistan: Movement Toward Peace?

Indo Pak Summit

At this point in its history, India stands at a fork in the road. One path involves continuing its adversarial relationship with Pakistan. The second path requires a break from the past and the establishment of a more cooperative and conciliatory relationship with its long-time enemy. Which path do you believe India should choose? The approach you adopt may depend on your answer to a series of questions.


Mexico and the Chiapas Problem

Mexican Rebel Talks

Mexico is most frequently discussed in the context of issues such as immigration and drug trafficking. Certainly these are significant matters. However, the scenario that perhaps most aptly captures Mexico’s struggle to emerge from the shadows of the Nineteenth Century and become a force in the Twenty-First Century is the revolt in the state of Chiapas. The masked Subcomandante Marcos led the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN) in its guerilla struggle against the Mexican government in January 1994. Marcos’ movement was a rejection of the abject poverty, discrimination, and suffering that had become a way of life for the Mayan Indians in Chiapas. The quest of the Zapatistas set into motion a sequence of events involving attacks of the Mexican military on civilian villages, battles between rebel forces and paramilitary groups, failed attempts at negotiations, and accusations of duplicity and deception aimed at all the sides in this conflict.


Nigeria: War Within Borders

Nigeria/Massacre

In the fall of 2001 as rival tribes engaged in bloody conflict in the Nigerian state of Benue, military forces were dispatched as part of a peacekeeping force. On October Tenth, nineteen soldiers were abducted and killed. Less than two weeks later hundreds of soldiers cut a path of retaliatory death and destruction through a number of towns and villages in Benue. Places like Zaki-Biam, Gbeji, and Tse-Adoor became killing zones engulfed in flames.

This crisis captures a situation that exists not only in Nigeria, but also in many less developed countries: an unstable political system teetering on the brink of survival, powerful elites that refuse to fully relinquish power, blatant violation of human rights, and a population with no understanding of how to express disagreement or dissent without resorting to violence.tes, in a position of determining the extent of their commitment to a democratic Afghanistan.