SUGGESTED ANSWER TO QUESTION 1-1(d)

Gordon took a medication that was supposed to help him sleep. Instead, he started to feel very anxious and could not sleep at all that night.

In the following, two possible explanations are mentioned. You may have thought of other possibilities.

Perhaps Gordon took the wrong pill, either because he picked up the wrong bottle or because someone had placed the wrong pills in the bottle. Another possible explanation has to do with individual differences in the effects of a medication. The effects of a drug depend on many factors that are unique to individuals, including their age, weight, physiological processes, personality, and expectations about the drug's effects (Weiten & Lloyd, 2003, p. 424). It could be one or more of these factors that caused Gordon's unusual reaction.