The Big Idea:
Does the breakdown of proportions or frequencies for one category differ significantly from that of another category?

What this means is:

• You got Men - You got Women.
• They are now grown-up married yuppies.
• They came into some money on their job.
• They want to buy a new car.
• They can buy a sports car or an SUV.
• Do men and women want the same kind of cars?

Is car choice independent of gender?
How are you going to figure this out? You will:

• Ask men and women what kind of car they want.
• Set up a contingency table (also known as a cross-tabulation table) that lays out the observed choices by gender and car type (Gender X Car).
• Figure out the preference for cars if gender didn't matter.
• Apply these preferences to men and women separately to see if the observed frequencies for men and women for each car type differ from what would be expected if car type didn't count.