

The Hispanic population gained about 13 million people since 1990, a 58%
increase, and is now roughly equal to the black population. According
to the Population Reference Bureau (www.prb.org),
several factors have been cited in the dramatic growth of the Hispanic
population, including the influx of immigrants (especially from Mexico),
relatively high Hispanic fertility levels, special efforts by the Census
Bureau to count undocumented migrants, and changes in the 2000 Census
questionnaire.
Click on a state to view related charts and data.
The Hispanic (or Latino) population has become one of the largest minority
groups in the United States. This group of people can trace their ethnic
origins to the Iberian Peninsula, what we call Spain and Portugal. Hispanic
is a tricky category that has been problematic for the U.S. Census. For
Hispanics, racial and ethnic boundaries can become blurred. Many Hispanics
think of themselves as having a combination of European, African and Asian
(Native American) ancestry. People of Hispanic ancestry here in the United
States share a diverse history and come from many different regions in
the hemisphere: Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central and South America.
Sociologists are interested in trends in the Hispanic population of the
United States. As the Hispanic population increases, especially in southern
and western states, we expect to find a growing political influence. Politicians
begin to see Hispanics as a powerful voting force in some of our most
populous states such as California, Florida and Texas. Citizenship is
a key factor when assessing the political power of Hispanics. In 1996,
40% of the otherwise eligible Hispanic population was unable to vote because
they were not U.S. citizens. In the future we can expect to see greater
participation in local government. Some of the largest cities in America
(Los Angeles, Houston, San Antonio, Phoenix, Dallas) have growing Hispanic
populations.
Critical Thinking

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